OCULAR DISCHARGE - DOG AND CAT

It can be defined as abnormal secretion on or around the eye or eyes. This is also known as lacrimation and ocular secretion. The secretions can be watery or mucus in nature. An abnormal overflow of tears down the face is called as epiphora. Dogs and cats both get affected with this and onset depends on the cause. Outdoor animals are prone to infectious cause of conjunctivitis.

ANTIOXIDANTS - ANIMAL NUTRITION

Antioxidants are substances that help to keep fats and fat-soluble ingredients (including vitamins A and E) from becoming oxidized. Once a fat is oxidized, it starts to taste rancid and loses much of its nutritional value. Dog and cat foods, which often contain significant levels of fat, are especially susceptible to oxidation. Canned foods are protected because they are airtight, but dry foods need to have antioxidants added to preserve them. If an antioxidant is used, then the common name of the antioxidant must appear on the label, along with a reference to the fact that it is being used as a preservative. There are both natural and artificial antioxidants, and they all work to preserve food from oxidation. The most common artificial antioxidants used in the pet food industry are ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Commonly used natural antioxidants include tocopherols (vitamin E), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), citric acid, and rosemary.

ZOONOTIC DISEASES

Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans are called Zoonotic Diseases. All diseases of pets (bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic) are spread by direct contact with blood, saliva, urine or faeces of an infected animal.


Human beings with compromised immune system need to be very careful as they are very susceptible of contracting contagious diseases. The following included in this cautious class are:

• infants

• toddlers

• elderly

• pregnant women

• cancer patients

• patients with an autoimmune disease

This article does not cover all Zoonotic diseases but the most common diseases, which can be passed from dogs to humans. You should always refer to doctor’s advice if you suspect that you or your pet has contracted a disease.

Fortunately, these diseases rarely occur in healthy individuals, are mild and can be easily treated. Children often put their hands in their mouths, providing easy routes for bacteria to travel into their bodies e.g. children who eat dirt are more susceptible to contract zoonotic diseases.

ANIMAL CRUELTY

such a thin dog with heavy collar and chain.....looks like that the dog has not been fed for a long time...

white horse

A CAMEL TAKING REST

This camel is taking rest under the tree; its too hot to be in the sun...

BEAUTIFUL HORSE

WHITE HORSE

RABBIT - CAUSES OF RED COLOURED URINE

In rabbit's the normal colour of urine is yellow but in sick animals it may be red, brown, or orange and this condition is simply called "red urine".

Causes of red urine
1. Plant pigments: The red color of urine can be due to porphyrins present in plants. Sometimes diets with large amounts of plants high in beta-carotene, such as carrots and spinach, can cause the reddish discoloration. Generally, the changes in urine color caused by diet are intermittent and only last 2-3 days.
2. Antibiotics: The administration of some antibiotics may increase the levels of pigments in the urine.
3. Stress: Stress or even a change of season may result in reddish discolored urine.

4. Dehydration: Dehydration will concentrate the urine to give it different colour.
5. Blood: If the red coloration is due to hematuria, it is a sign of disease in the urinary tract i.e. Kidney or bladder infection, Kidney or bladder stones, Kidney or bladder cancer
6. Blood in secretions from the uterus or vagina normally appear as a bloody discharge on the vulva, or as several bloody drops before or after urination.

7. Bilirubin and urobilinogen: The discoloration of the urine may be due to the presence of chemicals called bilirubin and urobilinogen.

BIRD????

Bird?????

HUNGRY COW LOOKING FOR FOOD

A hungry cow looking for food in the posh area of Delhi, where you cant find any large animal. At least, i haven't seen any one in so many years. Surprisingly, she appeared and then disappeared by noon time.

hthorizons article - 27/1/2010 - words from people

I got appreciation from everyone. I am thankful to for your support and words of encouragement. This success is for Veterinary profession, Veterinarians and animal lovers and animals as well. These speechless creatures gives us chance to treat them and to explore our emotions and the soft corner in our heart's in this cruel world. The animals are great healers and does not demand anything in return. I am proud to be a vet. I am thankful to God, all my patients and everyone in my life.

FEVER VS HYPERTHERMIA IN DOGS

A fever is defined as abnormally high body temperature. It is believed that fever is a method of fighting infection. The body resets the temperature control area of the brain to increase the body temperature – probably in response to invasion of foreign matter such as bacteria or viruses. Since many invaders do not thrive in hot environments, by increasing the temperature of the body, these invaders can be destroyed.

This is different from hyperthermia, which is an increase in body temperature due to external influences such as hot weather, inability to pant or sweat. The brain does not intend for the body temperature to increase.

Fever is usually differentiated from hyperthermia based on the animal's recent environment, for example if he was in a hot car or just went for a long jog in 100 degree heat, as well as the animal's response to the increased temperature.

noise pollution - bad effects on living and non-living creatures

http://www.muziboo.com/vetgeeta/music/noise-pollution

every one is bothered about the climate change,air pollution, water crisis etc. but how much we know about the effects of noise pollution on humans, animals, sea mammals, trees, plants and our non-living buildings...monuments, historical places.this audio link will help you to find out the bad effects of noise pollution. check this out...Tilak jha has really made a nice effort to project the influence of noise on human psychology, animals behavior and dying mammals coz of this pollution.

Animal cruelty - types

Few months back i posted a true incidence with a female dog; how a poker was removed surgically from dog's uterus.
Even just a thought of that incidence make me restless, how a human can be co cruel to these innocent animals.
There can be different reasons why individuals abuse animals. Each type of abuse has displayed certain patterns of behavior that we can use to help understand more about why people commit the crimes we encounter today.
Animal cruelty is often divided into two main categories: active or comission and passive or omission.


Active Cruelty - where a person has deliberately and intentionally caused harm to an animal, and is also referred to as NAI (Non-Accidental Injury). These acts are most disturbing and should be considered signs of serious psychological problems. Animal abuse in violent homes can take many forms and can occur for many reasons. Many times a person who is abusive may kill, or threaten to kill, the household pets to intimidate family members into sexual abuse, to remain silent about previous or current abuse.
Passive Cruelty - it is a case of neglect, where the crime is a lack of action rather than the action itself. Severe animal neglect can cause incredible pain and suffering to an animal.
Examples are starvation, dehydration, parasite infestations, inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and failure to seek veterinary care when an animal is sick.

Rabies - dogs and cats

Although well-known vaccination programs rabies has helped to make the disease less common in domestic dogs and cats. However, it is important to be familiar of the symptoms of rabies in cats nonetheless, as many wild animals can be infected, and can easily transmit the disease to you or your cat if you are not prepared.
Rabies is a viral, zoonotic disease. In layman’s terms, this means that rabies is a type of virus that is transmissible to humans that affects the brain. Rabies is most commonly spread from infected animals to humans and other animals in the form of a bite. Left untreated, Rabies is almost always fatal to both humans and animals.
Rabies infection can spread through foxes, raccoons, skunks, wolves, coyotes and bats as well. These animals are highly susceptible to the virus. By contrast, cats, humans and dogs are naturally more resistant to the disease, and it is estimated that only about 15% of bites from affected animals will result in the rabies virus in humans and domestic animals. However, because rabies is almost always fatal, any bite to you or your animal from one of these common sources should be reported to your doctor or veterinarian so that appropriate medical care can be provided.
Most cats that become infected with rabies have been bitten by one of these wild animals, usually in the course of hunting or fighting. The rabies virus is shed at high levels in saliva, and after being bitten the virus begins to spread through the nerves of the newly infected animal, moving towards the brain. Rabies is a slow-moving disease, with the typical first onset of symptoms occurring 2-6 weeks after being infected in cats, and 3-6 weeks in people. In some cases however, the virus moves even slower, and animals have begun to show symptoms of rabies as long as 6 months after being bitten.
The first phase is known as the prodromal phase, where early non-specific symptoms may begin to manifest themselves. Affected dogs and cats may begin to be more nervous than usual, or show signs of increased anxiousness or apprehension. Behavior changes may occur, where normally friendly cats or dogs may become more withdrawn or easily annoyed, and normally aggressive cats or dogs may suddenly become quiet and affectionate. Spikes of fever may develop, leading to episodes of normal behavior and energy and lethargy and depression. Typically the prodromal phase lasts one to two days.
After the prodromal phase, the symptoms of cat rabies begin to get more specific, and the aniaml enters the furious phase. This phase can last from 1- 7 days, and animals will become progressively more restless and aggressive, and begin to react strongly to visual and auditory stimulus. They may become openly vicious, and disorientation may lead them to attack or bite without warning or provocation. As this phase progresses, seizures may begin to occur as the inflammation in the brain progresses, and depending on their severity some animals will die as a direct result of these seizures.
Within 2-4 days of the first signs being noted, animals may enter the paralytic stage. Nerves in the head and throat become impeded, and animals will begin to have the classic look of extensive salivation due to their inability to swallow. Labored breathing and trouble with the jaw may also develop, as the animals’ ability to breathe and have muscle control is destroyed by the virus. Eventually animals will die as a result of respiratory failure, as they struggle to breathe but no longer possess the muscle strength to do so.
Diagnosis of rabies is made via clinical signs and the vaccination history and clinical history of the pet. The only way to know for sure if an animal was affected with rabies is to submit the deceased animals brain to a laboratory to test for the disease.

shona in a dancing mood

shona loves dancing and watching songs. she look cute and is a calm and beautiful child. she love animals as well. she will be a sensitive and responsible child...i hope so......