RABBIT - CAUSES OF RED COLOURED URINE

In rabbit's the normal colour of urine is yellow but in sick animals it may be red, brown, or orange and this condition is simply called "red urine".

Causes of red urine
1. Plant pigments: The red color of urine can be due to porphyrins present in plants. Sometimes diets with large amounts of plants high in beta-carotene, such as carrots and spinach, can cause the reddish discoloration. Generally, the changes in urine color caused by diet are intermittent and only last 2-3 days.
2. Antibiotics: The administration of some antibiotics may increase the levels of pigments in the urine.
3. Stress: Stress or even a change of season may result in reddish discolored urine.

4. Dehydration: Dehydration will concentrate the urine to give it different colour.
5. Blood: If the red coloration is due to hematuria, it is a sign of disease in the urinary tract i.e. Kidney or bladder infection, Kidney or bladder stones, Kidney or bladder cancer
6. Blood in secretions from the uterus or vagina normally appear as a bloody discharge on the vulva, or as several bloody drops before or after urination.

7. Bilirubin and urobilinogen: The discoloration of the urine may be due to the presence of chemicals called bilirubin and urobilinogen.

guinea pig - bathing

Bathing
Most guinea pigs do not like the water. Guinea pigs should not be bathed unless they absolutely need it – for medical reasons, such as fleas, or if they happen to get extremely dirty, mud or sewage.
As an alternative to a bath, consider some of the following options:
Powder baths – apply the powder to the fur and brush out with a stiff brush
clean dirty bottoms with hydrogen peroxide – gently rub to remove feces and urine stains
clean fur with a washcloth and warm soapy water

TRAIN YOUR DOG TO URINATE AT DESIGNATED PLACE

TIPS TO TRAIN YOUR DOG -
If your puppy urinate and defecate everywhere in your house, you must be very annoyed. you should train your puppy, so that your puppy urinate and defecate in a designated place.
Puppies are aware of that they should defecate away from their crate, even if they are less than one month old. When your puppy arrive home, you should train him to go to the bathroom as soon as possible. You can put a box in balcony,bathroom or hallway as a simple toilet, and it should be covered with old newspaper.

when your puppy is going to urinate or defecate, he will run around to find a right place to do that. Puppy is sniffing the floor as he walks around, sometimes he makes a sound and run up to the ower with fidget, all that means your puppy will defecate. Take your puppy in your arms to the box or bathroom. When your puppy finishes, you can say "Good boy" with reassuring pats and give him some tasty foods.

If puppy don't defecate in a designated place, you must pick the puppy up at once, and say "No" to him in a loud voice, then take hime to the bathroom.
you must get rid of the odour from the wrong place, if anything left, the puppy maybe come back again. puppy has a habit defecating in a certain place, but not same place. you should put old newspaper on crate, puppy will be aware of that he should defecate on newspaper, when your puppy get used to that, you can move newspaper anywhere you want puppy defecate.

RENAL FAILURE IN DOGS

Renal failure is the inability of the kidneys to remove waste products from the blood. This definition can create confusion because some will consider renal failure with failure to make urine. Renal failure is NOT the inability to make urine, but the body's wastes are not being effectively eliminated.

The typical form of chronic renal failure is the result of aging. The age of onset is related to the size of the dog. For most small dogs, the early signs occur at about 10-14 years of age. However, large dogs have a shorter age span and may go into kidney failure as early as seven years of age.

***Early clinical signs of kidney failure
#increased water consumption
#increased urine production.
***Clinical signs in later stages of kidney failure
#loss of appetite
#depression
#vomiting
#diarrhea
# foul breath
#ulcers in the mouth.

WAYS TO GET RID FROM URINE SPOTS

Follow these steps to get rid of dog's urine spots -
I. Take towel, fold it in half, put it on the stain and step on it. Once the first old towel has soaked up as much as it can, grab the next one and repeat. Continue this with new towels until you no longer see any wetness on the towel after walking on it. If you plan to reuse your old towels, mix about a quarter cup of apple vinegar in with your regular detergent when doing the wash.
II. Soak the dog urine stain with a solution of plain white vinegar and warm water. Let it soak for about five minutes. Vinegar is a good ingredient for cleaning dog urine due to its properties as a solvent and for being antibacterial.
III. Blot up the vinegar and water using the same method found in step one. After that, pour baking soda over the entire stain. Baking soda is extremely absorbent and will help not only with dog urine stains but also with dog urine odor.
IV. It's important that you NEVER SOAK your carpet. Again, pour a little more warm water on the problem area. Now, gently rub the cleaner into the carpet and allow it to sit for a couple of minutes. Finally, extract all the liquid and cleaner from the carpet with the water.
When done correctly, the carpet should be "slightly damp" with no odor at all.