Hygroma in a dog

A hygroma is a false bursa that occurs over bony prominences and pressure points, especially in large breeds of dogs. Repeated friction or trauma from lying on hard surfaces produces an inflammatory response, which results in a dense-walled, fluid-filled cavity. A soft, fluctuant, painless swelling develops over pressure points, especially the olecranon. If long-standing, severe inflammation may develop, and ulceration, infection, and fistulas may be present. The bursa contains a clear, yellow to red fluid.

Hygromas can be prevented by providing soft bedding, or beds made of orthopedic foam. Animals recovering from surgery should be turned from side to side multiple times during the day.

NAIL FUNGUS PROBLEM IN YOUR DOG

FUNGAL INFECTION - One cause of nail fungus is a specific type of fungi called dermatophytes. Another cause of nail fungus are yeast, which is also a common fungi.
Dermatophytes and yeasts cause nail fungus by eating away at keratin, the main protein that makes up our fingernails, toenails, hair, and skin. The nails try to produce keratin at a faster rate, causing it to thicken and eventually detach from the nail bed. Other effects will include nail discoloration, inflammation of the skin around the infected nails, pain, and a foul odor.
These effects are certainly not pleasant. Your dog will have difficulty in walking and playing. This condition is not easy to cure and should not be ignored as later on there can be major problems.

prevention and treatment of hyperthermia

Prevention
Keep pets with heat stroke in the shade as even normal activity in hot summer for these pets can be harmful.
Provide access to water at all times.
Do not leave your pet in a hot parked car even if you're in the shade or will only be gone a short time.
Make sure outside dogs have access to shade.
On a hot day, restrict exercise and don't take your dog jogging with you. Too much exercise when the weather is very hot can be dangerous.
Do not muzzle your dog.
Avoid places like the beach and especially concrete where heat is reflected and there is no access to shade.
Wetting down your dog with cool water or allowing him to swim can help maintain a normal body temperature.
Move your dog to a cool area of the house. Air conditioning is one of the best ways to keep a dog cool, but is not always dependable.

To provide a cooler environment, freeze water in soda bottles, or place ice and a small amount of water in several resealable food storage bags, then wrap them in a towel or tube sock. Place them on the floor for the dog to lay on.

TREATMENT -

Hyperthermia is an immediate medical emergency. Safe, controlled reduction of body temperature is a priority.

Cool water may be poured over the head, stomach, underarms and feet, or cool cloths may be applied to these areas.

Rubbing alcohol may be applied to the footpads to dilate pores and increase perspiration. Ice may be placed around the mouth and anus.
The dog’s rectal temperature should be monitored regularly and discontinue treatment once he shows signs of recovery or his temperature has fallen to 103ºF.